µÚ2163ÕÂ ÌÆ×ܼàÒ°ÐIJ»Ð¡(µÚ1/1Ò³)½ðÅÆÌðÆÞ£¬×ܲóè»é1314

    ºÎæ©æ©Ìýµ½Õâ»°£¬ÓеãɵÑÛ£º¡°É¶£¬ÄãÃÃÃã¿ÄãÕâ»°ÊÇʲôÒâ˼£¿¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©¶¼ºýÍ¿ÁË£¬ÌÆÝ¼ÒªÊÇÌÆÕý°ØµÄÃÃÃã¬ÌÆÕý°ØÎªÊ²Ã´Òª³öÂôËý£¬ÓÃÕâ¸öÈÃ×Ô¼ºÈ¥ÍþÐ²ÌÆÝ¼ÄØ¡£

    ¿ÉÈç¹û²»ÊÇ£¬ÌÆÕý°ØºÃÏñҲûÓбØÒª¸æËßËýÕâ¸ö¡£

    ÌÆÕý°Ø´ÓÓïÆø£¬¶¼ÄÜÌý³öÀ´ºÎæ©æ©ã±ƵÄÉñÇéÁË£¬ËûЦµÄºÜµÃÒ⣺¡°ÎÒ֮ǰһֱûÓиæËßÄ㣬ÎÒÓÐÒ»¸ö±ÈÎÒÁ½¸öÔ£¬Í¬¸¸ÒìĸµÄÃÃÃã¬Ö®Ç°»ÊÌ켯Íż̳ÐȨÕù¶á£¬ËýÂäÁËÏ·磬±»ÎҸϳö¹«Ë¾£¬ÏÖÔÚÔÚ³½Ñô¼¯Íŵ±Éè¼Æ×ܼ࣬µ«ÊÇ£¬·þ×°Éè¼Æ½ç£¬³ýÁËÎÒÃǼÒÀïÈË£¬Ã»ÈËÖªµÀËýµÄÕæÊµÉí·Ý£¬ÄãÃ÷°×ÎÒµÄÒâ˼Â𣿡±

    ºÎæ©æ©Äó½ôÁ˵绰£¬ËýºÃÏñ¿´µ½µÄÏ£Íû£º¡°ÄãµÄÒâ˼ÊÇ£¬ÈÃÎÒÓÃÕâ¸öÈ¥ÍþвËý£¿¡±

    ÌÆÕý°Ø¹´´½Ð¦ÁËЦ£º¡°ÄãÎÊÎÊËý£¬Èç¹ûÈÃÅ·Ñô³½ÖªµÀ£¬»ÊÌ켯ÍŵÄǧ½ð½ãÔÚ³½Ñô¼¯Íʤ×÷£¬»¹Êǹ«Ë¾¸ß²ã£¬Å·Ñô³½ÄܽÓÊÜÂ𣿡±

    ºÎæ©æ©íø×ÓÉÁÁËÉÁ£º¡°Ëý¿ÉÊÇÄãÃÃÃ𡣬ÄãÕâÑùËãÊÇÂä¾®ÏÂʯ°É£¡¡±

    ÌÆÕý°ØÎÞËùνµÄ¿ª¿Ú£º¡°ÔÚÎÒÃÇÕù¶á¹«Ë¾µÄʱºò£¬Ôç¾ÍÊǵÐÈËÁË£¬ÏÖÔÚʲôÐÖÃã¬ÅÂÊÇÍíÁË£¡¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©ËÉÁË¿ÚÆø£¬ÕâµÄÈ·ÊǸö´óɱÆ÷£º¡°Õâ¸öÏûÏ¢µÄÈ·ºÜÓÐÓã¬ÎÒÏÈÔÚÕâÀïл¹ýÌÆ×ÜÁË£¡¡±

    ¡°²»¿ÍÆø£¬±Ï¾¹£¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÊǺÏ×÷»ï°é£¡¡±ÌÆÕý°ØÐ¦×Å¿ª¿Ú¡£

    ºÎæ©æ©àÍЦÁËÒ»Éù£¬¶ÔÌÆÕý°ØµÄ»°£¬²¢Ã»ÓзÅÔÚÐÄÉÏ£º¡°ÄÇÌÆ×ܾ͵È×ÅÎÒÕâ¸öºÏ×÷»ï°éµÄºÃÏûÏ¢°É£¡¡±

    ËäÈ»Ëý¸úÌÆÝ¼Ã»ÓÐʲôÉî³ð´óºÞ£¬¿ÉÊÇ£¬ÌÆÕý°ØÒª¸øËýÕâôºÃµÄ½è¿Ú£¬Ëý¾ÍËãÊDz»Éè¼ÆÒ»ÏÂÌÆÝ¼£¬¶¼¸Ð¾õ¶Ô²»Æð×Ô¼º¡£

    Ïëµ½ÕâÀºÎæ©æ©¹´Á˹´´½£¬¿ìËÙµÄÏò×ÅÍâÃæ×ß³öÈ¥¡£

    ¼ÈÈ»ÌÆÕý°Ø²»°ÑÌÆÝ¼µ±³ÉÃÃÃã¬ÄÇËý¾Í²»¿ÍÆøÁË¡£

    ×ßµ½ÌÆÝ¼°ì¹«ÊÒÃſڣ¬ºÎæ©æ©¹´ÆðһĨµÃÒâµÄЦÈÝ¡£

    ËýûÓÐÉìÊÖÇÃÃÅ£¬¶øÊÇÖ±½Ó½«ÃÅÍÆ¿ª¡£

    ÌÆÝ¼ÕýÔÚ¹¤×÷£¬Ìý¼ûÓÐÈË¿ªÃÅ£¬²»ÔõÄÖåü£¬¸ÕÏ룬²»ÖªµÀ½øÎҰ칫ÊÒÒªÇÃÃÅÂð£¿

    ½á¹û£¬»¹²»µÈËý¿ª¿Ú£¬¾Í¿´¼ûºÎæ©æ©Ò»Á³Ð¦ÈݵÄ×ß½øÀ´£¬¶Ô×ÅËý¹´Á˹´´½£º¡°ÌÆ×ܼ࣬ÎÒÕÒÄãÉÌÁ¿µãÊÂÇ飬²»ÖªµÀÄãÓÐûÓÐʱ¼äÄØ£¿¡±

    ÌÆÝ¼¸Õ¸Õ¸úÅ·Ñô³½ÁÄÍêÌìû¶à¾Ã£¬Å·Ñô³½ÁËºÎæ©æ©»áÀ´ÕÒ×Ô¼º£¬ÌÆÝ¼ÔçÓÐ×¼±¸¡£

    ËýÃæÎÞ±íÇéµÄ¿´×ÅºÎæ©æ©£º¡°ÄãÏë¸úÎÒÁÄʲô£¿¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©×ß¹ýÈ¥£¬ÔÚÌÆÝ¼µÄɳ·¢ÉÏ×øÏÂÀ´£¬±íÇé¸ñÍâµÄã«Ò⣺¡°Ò²Ã»Ê²Ã´£¬¾ÍÊÇÏëÌ¸Ì¸ÌÆ×ܼàÏëÒª´ÇÍËÎÒµÄÊÂÇ飡¡±

    ÌÆÝ¼Öåü£º¡°ÎÒ²»ÊÇÒѾ­µÄºÜÇå³þÁËÂð£¿ÎÒ²»ÔÊÐí½ÝÎÒµÄÏÂÊôÁôÔÚÉí±ß£¬ÄѵÀÄ㻹²»Ã÷°×ÎÒµÄÒâ˼£¿¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©Õ£ÁËÕ£ÑÛ£¬Ò»Á³ÎÞ¹¼µÄ¿ª¿Ú£º¡°ÎÒµÄÈ·²»ÖªµÀÌÆ×ܼàµÄÒâË¼ÄØ£¬Ö»²»¹ý£¬ÎÒ¸úÅ·Ñô×ܲÃÁËÕâ¼þÊ£¬×ܲõÄÒâ˼ÊÇ£¬¿ÉÒÔÈÃÎÒ¸úÌÆ×ܼàÉÌÁ¿Ò»ÏÂÄØ£¬Èç¹ûÌÆ×ܼ಻Ï뿪³ýÎÒ£¬ÄÇÎÒÒ²ÊÇ¿ÉÒÔ²»×ߵģ¡¡±

    ÌÆÝ¼Á³ÉÏÃæÎÞ±íÇ飬¿ÉÊÇ£¬ÐÄÀïÒѾ­¿ªÂîÁË£¬Å·Ñô³½Õâ¸öÎÞÁ¼ÉÏ˾£¬×Ô¼ºÏ뿪³ýºÎæ©æ©£¬»¹ÒªÈÃËýÀ´±³¹ø£¬¼òÖ±ÎÞÓïÁË¡£

    Ëý°å×ÅÁ³£º¡°Å¶£¬×ܲõÄÒâ˼ÊÇÕâÑùµÄÂð£¿ÄÇÕæµÄºÜ±§Ç¸ÁË£¬ÒòΪÎÒµÄÒâ˼ÊÇ£¬ÒÀ¾ÉÒª¿ª³ýÄ㣬ûÓÐÈκÎÉÌÁ¿µÄÓàµØ£¡¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©¿´ÌÆÝ¼Ì¬¶ÈÕâô¼á¾ö£¬¹´Á˹´´½£¬ËƺõË¿ºÁ²»¾õµÃÒâÍ⣬ҲûÓÐÃ÷ÏԵĵ£ÓÇ׿±¡£

    ÌÆÝ¼¿´ËýÕ⸱ģÑù£¬¶¼Óе㿴²»¶®ÁË£¬±Ï¾¹£¬ºÎæ©æ©Ò»¿ªÊ¼À´×Ô¼º°ì¹«ÊÒµÄʱºò£¬ÌýÒª±»¿ª³ý£¬Õû¸öÈË»¹ºÜʧ¿ØÄØ£¡

    ÎªÁ˱£³Ö̸»°µÄÖ÷¶¯È¨£¬ÌÆÝ¼²¢Ã»ÓÐÖ÷¶¯¸úºÎæ©æ©»°£¬Ê¼ÖÕÃæÎÞ±íÇéµÄ¿´×ÅËý¡£

    ºÎæ©æ©Óеã±ï²»×¡£º¡°ÌÆ×ܼ࣬Äã¾ÍÕæµÄÕâô²»½üÈËÇéÂ𣿡±

    ÌÆÝ¼ÀäºßÁËÒ»Éù£º¡°¶ÔÄãÕâÑùµÄÏÂÊô£¬Ã»ÓбØÒªÓÐÈËÇ飡¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©Ò»Á³ÎÞÄΣº¡°À´ÄØ£¬ÎÒÒ²ÊDz»Ïë±ÆÄãµÄ£¬µ«ÊÇ£¬Äã·ÇÒªÕâÑù±ÆÆÈÎÒ£¬ÄÇÎÒҲûÓа취ÁË£¡¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©°Õ£¬Í»È»½Æ÷ïµÄЦÁËЦ£º¡°ÌÆ×ܼ࣬ÓмþÊÂÇéÍü¼Ç¸úÄãÁËÄØ£¬Äã¿ÉÄܲ»ÖªµÀ°É£¬ÎÒÒѾ­ÖªµÀ£¬Äã¸ú»ÊÌ켯ÍŵĹØÏµÁËÄØ£¡¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©Ã»ÓÐÒ»ÏÂ×Ó´ÁÆÆ£¬ËýÓÅÔÕÓÎÔյĿ´×ÅÌÆÝ¼£¬ËƺõÏë¿´µ½Ëý´ë²»¼°·À£¬»ÅÂÒµÄÉñÇé¡£

    ¿Éϧ£¬ËýʧËãÁË£¬ÌÆÝ¼Á³É«Ö»ÊDZäÁËһϣ¬¾Í»Ø¸´Õý³££º¡°ÊÇÂð£¿ÖªµÀÁËÓÐÈçºÎ£¬ÄѲ»³É£¬Ä㻹Ïë¶ù¿ÆµÄ£¬ÓÃÕâÑùµÄʽÀ´ÍþвÎÒ²»³É£¿¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©ã¶×¡ÁË£¬ËýÓе㷴Ӧ²»¹ýÀ´£º¡°ÄãÌÆÝ¼£¬ÌÆ×ܼ࣬Äã¶¼²»ÅÂÎÒ°ÑÕâ¼þÊÂÇ鏿ËßÅ·Ñô³½Â𣿡±

    ÌÆÝ¼ÃæÎÞ±íÇéµÄ¿´×ÅËý£º¡°Å¶£¬Õâ¼þÊÂÇ飬ÄãµÄÊÇʲôÊÂÇ飬Âé·³ÄãÇå³þµã£¬²»È»£¬ÎÒÕæµÄ²»ÖªµÀÄãÔÚʲô£¿¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©È̲»×¡Öåü£¬ÌÆÝ¼Ôõô»áÊÇÕâ¸ö·´Ó¦£¬Õâ¸úËýÏëÏóÖв»Ò»Ñù°¡£¡

    ÄѲ»³ÉÌÆÝ¼ÖªµÀ×Ô¼ºÓÐÁË¿ÉÒÔÍþвËýµÄ°Ñ±úÖ®ºó£¬²»ÊÇÓ¦¸ÃÍ´¿ÞÁ÷ÌéµÄ¸ú×Ô¼ººÍ½âô£¬±Ï¾¹£¬ÌÆÝ¼±»»ÊÌ켯ÍÅÅų⣬ÄÜÅÀµ½³½Ñô¼¯ÍÅÉè¼Æ×ܼàµÄλÖã¬ÅÂÊDz»ÈÝÒ×°É¡£

    ¿ÉÊÇ£¬ÌÆÝ¼Õâôµ­¶¨µÄÄ£Ñù£¬Ò²Ã»°ì·¨½âÊͰ¡£¬ÄѲ»³É£¬ÌÆÕý°ØÔÚÆ­×Ô¼º£¿

    ¿ÉÊÇ£¬ËýÕÒ²»µ½ÌÆÕý°ØÆÛÆ­×Ô¼ºµÄÀíÓɰ¡£¡

    ÓÖ»òÕßÊÇ£¬ÃæÇ°Õâ¸öÅ®ÈË£¬Î±×°µÄÌ«ºÃÁË¡£

    ºÎæ©æ©ÃÐ×ÅÑÛ¾¦£¬Î£ÏյĿ´×ÅÌÆÝ¼£¬ËýÔÚÐÄÀïÏëÁ˰ëÌ죬×îºó¾ö¶¨°Ñ»°Ã÷°×£¬²»È»£¬ÕâÅ®ÈË¿ÖÅÂÊDz»µ½»ÆºÓ²»ËÀÐÄ¡£

    Ïëµ½ÕâÀËýÀäºßÁËÒ»Éù£º¡°ÊÇÂ𣿼ÈÈ»ÌÆ×ܼàÏëÈÃÎÒÇå³þ£¬ÄÇÎÒÒ²²»ÈÆÍä×ÓÁË£¬ÌÆ×ܼ࣬Äã¸úÌÆÕý°Ø£¬»ÊÌ켯ÍÅ£¬Ó¦¸ÃÊÇͬ¸¸ÒìĸµÄÐÖÃðɣ¬ÄãÄ㣬ÌÃÌûÊÌ켯ÍŵÄǧ½ð£¬Çü×ðÀ´³½Ñô¼¯Íŵ±¸öµÄÉè¼Æ×ܼ࣬ÄãÄãÕâÊÇΪÁËÊ²Ã´ÄØ£¿Èç¹ûÈó½Ñô¼¯Íŵĸ߲ãÖªµÀÄãµÄÉí·Ý£¬Ä㣬Äã»áÓÐʲôϳ¡ÄØ£¿¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©ÐÄÀïÓкܶ಻ȷ¶¨£¬¿ÉÊÇ£¬ËýÃæÉÏÒÀ¾Éά³Öµ­¶¨£¬ÏëÒª¿´¿´ÌÆÝ¼ÊÇ×°µÄ£¬»¹ÊÇÕæµÄ²»ÔÚºõËýµÄ»°¡£

    ÌÆÝ¼Ìýµ½ËýµÄ»°Ö®ºó£¬ÑÛ¾¦ÃÐÁËÃУ¬·í´ÌµÄЦÁËЦ£º¡°ÎҾͣ¬ÄãÔõô¸ÒÕâôÃ÷Ä¿Õŵ¨µÄÀ´ÕÒÎÒ£¬ÒªÇóÎÒ²»Òª¿ª³ýÄ㣬ԭÀ´ÊÇÓÐÁËÎҵİѱú°¡£¬¼ÈÈ»Äã¶¼À´ÍþвÎÒÁË£¬ÄÇÎÒ²»¸øÄãÃæ×Ó£¬Æñ²»ÊÇÌ«¿´²»ÆðÄãÁË£¬Äã³öÈ¥°É£¡¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©Ìýµ½Õâ»°£¬Óеã㣺¡°°¡£¡¡±

    ÌÆÝ¼Àä×ÅÁ³£º¡°Äã²»ÊDz»ÈÃÎÒ¿ª³ýÄãÂð£¬ÏÖÔÚÎÒ´ðÓ¦ÁË£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔ×ßÁË£¡¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©Ò»Á³ã±ƣº¡°Õâ¾ÍÍêÁË£¿¡±

    ÌÆÝ¼ÃæÎÞ±íÇéµÄ¿´×ÅËý£º¡°²»È»ÄØ£¬Äã²»»áÊǶ¼ÍþвÎÒÁËÂð£¿ÎÒ±³ÄãÍþвÎҵϰ»£×¡ÁË£¬Äãû¿´³öÀ´Â𣿡±

    ºÎæ©æ©£º¡°¡±Ëý»¹ÕæÃ»¿´³öÀ´¡£

    ÌÆÝ¼Ëƺõ²»ÏëÔÙ¸úËý»°£º¡°Äã¿ÉÒÔ×ßÁË£¡¡±

    ºÎæ©æ©Á³É«ÓÐЩ²»ºÃ¿´£¬Ëý¶¢×ÅÌÆÝ¼¿´Á˼¸Ã룬×îºóתÉíÀ뿪¡£

    Ëý»Øµ½×ùλû¶à¾Ã£¬¾Í½Óµ½ÌÆÕý°ØµÄÏûÏ¢¡£

    ÌÆÕý°Ø£ºÎÒµÄÏûÏ¢£¬¹ÜÓÃÂð£¿

    ºÎæ©æ©£ºÓ¦¸Ã¹ÜÓã¬ÌÆÝ¼´ðÓ¦ÎÒ£¬²»ÔÚ¿ª³ýÎÒÁË£¬Ö»²»¹ý£¬ËýµÄ̬¶È£¬×ÜÈÃÎÒ¾õµÃÓÐµãÆæ¹Ö£¬²»ÖªµÀΪʲô»áÓÐÕâÖָоõ¡£

    ÌÆÕý°Ø£ºÌÆÝ¼¾ÍËãÊDz»ÔÚºõ±ðÈËÖªµÀËý¸úÎÒÊÇͬ¸¸ÒìĸµÄÐÖÃ㬵«ÊÇ£¬ËýÐÄÀïÓ¦¸ÃÒ²Çå³þ£¬³½Ñô¼¯ÍÅÆäËûÈËÊDz»ÄܽÓÊÜÕâ¸öµÄ£¬µ±ÄêËý¸úÎÒÕù¶á¼Ò²úµÄʱºò£¬Äê¼Í»¹£¬ËùÒÔ¶·²»¹ýÎÒ£¬ÏÖÔÚËýËùÓµÓеĵģ¬ÊÇËýºÃ²»ÈÝÒ×ÕùÈ¡µ½µÄ£¬Ëý²»»áÇáÒ×·ÅÆúµÄ£¬ËùÒÔ£¬Äã¾Í±ð¶àÏëÁË£¬°²ÐÄÍê³ÉÎÒ¸øÄãµÄÈÎÎñ£¬½ß¾¡Á¦ÆÆ»µ³½ÑôÕâ´ÎµÄÐÂÆ··¢²¼»á£¬Èç¹û³É¹¦£¬ÎÒÃǺóÃæµÄÈÎÎñ£¬»áÀ´Ë³ÀûµÄ¡£

    ºÎæ©æ©£ººÃÁË£¬ÎÒÖªµÀÁË¡£

    ºÎæ©æ©ÊÕÆðÊÖ»ú£¬¿´¼ûË®ÌìÜ¿ÕýÔÚ°²¾²µÄ¹¤×÷£¬ËýÊÕÆðÐÄÀïÄÇЩÏë·¨£¬ÐÄÏë×Å£¬×î½ü»¹Êǰ²·Öµã£¬Ëý²»ÏëÈÿª³ýµÄÊÂÇ飬ÔÙ·¢ÉúÒ»´Î¡£

    Í¬Ò»Ê±¼ä£¬ÌÆÝ¼×øÔڰ칫ÊÒÀÓÐЩÇìÐÒ¡£

    ËýÏ룬ÐÒ¿÷×Ô¼ºÌáǰ¸æËßÅ·Ñô³½£¬ºÎæ©æ©ºÍÌÆÕý°Ø¹´½á£¬ÒÔ¼°×Ô¼ºµÄÕæÊµÉí·Ý¡£

    ²»È»£¬ºÎæ©æ©À´Íþв×Ô¼ºµÄʱºò£¬ËýÅÂÊÇÕæµÄû°ì·¨²»´ðÓ¦ºÎæ©æ©µÄÒªÇó¡£

    Ïëµ½ÕâÀËýÖ±½Ó´òµç»°¸øÅ·Ñô³½£º¡°×ܲã¬ÎÒ°´ÕÕÄúµÄ·¨£¬°ÑËýÎÈסÁË£¬ËýÏÖÔÚÓ¦¸Ã²»ÖªµÀ£¬ÎÒ´ðÓ¦Ëý²»¿ª³ýËý£¬Ö»ÊÇΪÁËÎÈסËý£¡¡±

    Å·Ñô³½µãµãÍ·£º¡°¶÷£¬Äã×öµÄºÃ£¡¡±

    ÌÆÝ¼ÓÌÔ¥ÁËһϣ¬»¹ÊÇÎÊÁË£º¡°×ܲã¬Äú²»»á½éÒâÎÒµÄÉí·Ý°É£¡¡±

    Å·Ñô³½ÇáЦÁËÒ»Éù£º¡°Èç¹ûÄãÕæµÄÏë×öʲô£¬ÄÇÄãÔç¾Í×öÁË£¬±Ï¾¹£¬ÄãÔÚ³½Ñô¼¯ÍŲ»ÊÇÒ»ÌìÁ½ÌìÁË£¬¶øÇÒ£¬ÄãÄܽÒ¶ºÎæ©æ©ºÍÌÆÕý°Ø¹´½áµÄÊÂÇ飬ÎÒºÜÐÀÉÍÄ㣬µ±È»²»»á½éÒâÄãµÄÉí·Ý£¬¸ü²»»á»³ÒÉÄãÀûÓÃÉí·ÝÖ®±ã£¬È¥×ö±ðµÄÊÂÇ飡¡±

    ÌÆÝ¼ÖåÁËÖåü£¬×ܾõµÃÅ·Ñô³½Õâ̬¶ÈÓеãêÓÃÁ¡£

    ËýÏëÁËÏ뿪¿ÚµÀ£º¡°×ܲã¬ÎÒÏÖÔÚÈ˵ÄÈ·ÔÚ³½Ñô¼¯ÍÅ£¬µ«ÊÇ£¬ÎÒ²»±£Ö¤ÒÔºóÒ»Ö±»á´ýÔÚÕâÀ±Ï¾¹£¬ÎÒÊÇÌÆ¼ÒµÄ×ÓÅ®£¬µ«ÊÇ£¬ÎÒ¿ÉÒÔ¸úÄã±£Ö¤£¬Óг¯Ò»ÈÕ£¬Îһص½ÌƼÒÕÆ¹Ü»ÊÌ켯ÍÅ£¬¿Ï¶¨²»»á¸ú³½Ñô¼¯ÍŶÔןɣ¬¸ü²»»áй¶³½Ñô¼¯ÍŵĻúÃÜ£¡¡±

    Å·Ñô³½¹´Á˹´´½£º¡°ÎÒÏàÐÅÄãµÄÖ°ÒµËØÑø£¬Ö»²»¹ý£¬ÎÒµ¹ÊÇûÏëµ½£¬ÌÆ×ܼ໹ÓÐÕâ¸öÒ°ÐÄ£¬ÖØÐ»ص½»ÊÌ켯ÍÅ£¡¡±